Pressure in hypertension: methods of treatment and prevention

High blood pressure in hypertension is an indicator of persistent chronic hypertension that needs to be treated. High blood pressure also poses a risk for complications.

The level of blood pressure indicates the force with which the blood presses against their walls as it moves through the vessels. Blood pressure monitor readings can fluctuate up or down throughout the day. This is considered the norm. But if the blood pressure level is constantly high, we are talking about a disease called hypertension.

Hypertension, or arterial hypertension, causes serious complications.

The so-called target organs are negatively affected: heart, kidneys, brain, blood vessels, retina. Very often, the consequences of high blood pressure are heart attacks and strokes.

High blood pressure

High blood pressure in hypertension is dangerous and depends on the margin of error. Normal systolic blood pressure ranges from 120 to 129 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure ranges from 80 to 84 mmHg.

A diagnosis of "Stage 1 Hypertension" is made if blood pressure readings remain at a level between 140/90 and 160/100 mmHg. This is a mild degree of the disease, in which persistently elevated blood pressure is not accompanied by damage to internal organs.

In the initial stage of hypertension, blood pressure increases periodically. Constant stress can provoke frequent and prolonged growths. With a calm neuropsychic state, periods of its growth are short-term and rare.

Continuous high blood pressure in hypertension poses a great threat to the development of a hypertensive crisis. It's only a matter of time!

The success of the treatment of arterial hypertension directly depends on compliance with the measures and treatment regimen. Strict adherence to the doctor's recommendations will accelerate the reduction of tonometer readings to normal levels. The effect can last for a very long time.

You should check your blood pressure if you have the following symptoms:

1. headache in the back of the head (often throbbing);
2. dizziness;
3. sleep disorders;
4. visual effect of "flies";
5. heartache.

The risk of hypertension lies in the fact that its initial phase is often asymptomatic.

A person may not realize that they have high blood pressure. The body quickly adapts to the new indicators and the patient feels quite normal. Meanwhile, the pathological process spreads and affects the internal organs.

Catastrophic changes in blood vessels can cause kidney failure, heart attack, stroke, which are a complete surprise to the patient.

Lifestyle changes can have a positive effect on blood pressure levels.

To do this, the patient needs:

• ensure restful sleep;
• avoid stressful situations;
• practice exercises to relax the body;
• follow a diet;
• increase physical activity.

If these measures do not help to cope with high blood pressure, the patient is prescribed medication. The doctor will tell you which medicine is best for normalizing blood pressure after the examination.

High pressure

High blood pressure due to hypertension should be treated immediately! The second degree of hypertension (moderate) is characterized by its increase to a level from 160/100 to 180/110 mmHg. To return its indicators to normal at this stage of the disease, the use of medications is required. During the examination of patients diagnosed with stage 2 hypertension, an enlargement of the left ventricle of the heart is often detected.

Severe hypertension is diagnosed in cases with a continuous increase in blood pressure above 180/110 mmHg. Such high rates are usually associated with serious complications such as strokes, heart attacks and kidney failure.

High blood pressure due to hypertension is the most common cause of death and disability.

Symptoms of very high blood pressure and severe hypertension include:

• cardiac arrhythmia;
• nosebleeds;
• pain in the heart area;
• headache;
• disturbance of walking and coordination of movements;
• severe visual impairment;
• muscle weakness;
• paralysis (as a result of impaired cerebral circulation);
• coughing up blood;
• inability to self-serve;
• speech disorder;
• blurring of consciousness.

For the treatment of severe hypertension, powerful drugs are prescribed or the doses of common drugs are increased. Patients with chronic pathologies take pills throughout their lives.

Prevention of hypertension

If you have not yet been diagnosed with hypertension, lowering your blood pressure to normal levels should be a daily goal.

To maintain normal levels, you should follow some simple rules:

1. maintain normal body weight;
2. eat less salt;
3. maintain a regime of moderate physical activity;
4. stop smoking and reduce the consumption of alcoholic beverages;
5. consume foods containing potassium (the average daily requirement is 3500 mg of potassium for an adult);
6. include fresh fruits and vegetables and low-fat dairy products in your daily diet.

The right food

In case of arterial hypertension, it is necessary to follow the basic principles of nutrition:

• The daily diet should be balanced in the content of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Daily intake for an adult: protein - 100 g, fat - 100 g, carbohydrates - 400 g.
• It is necessary to reduce the consumption of light carbohydrates (quickly converted into glucose).
• Reduce the amount of salt you consume.
• Enrich your daily menu with foods rich in vitamins, potassium, magnesium and other useful microelements.
• Replace animal fats with vegetable oils.
• Include in your diet seafood rich in iodine and fatty acids.
• Create the right diet: the number of meals per day is 5, the last meal is 2 hours before bedtime.
• Give preference to boiled or steamed dishes.
• The daily amount of liquids should not exceed 1. 5 liters (including liquid dishes and tea).

If there are no chronic abnormalities or vascular diseases, then such simple measures should be enough to normalize blood pressure.

For stage 1 hypertension, it is necessary to limit the consumption of certain foods. For classes 2 and 3 - exclude completely.

Patients with hypertension are strictly not recommended to include in their diet:

• rich fish and meat soups;
• fatty pork and lamb;
• coffee and strong tea;
• beef fat, lard;
• hot spices;
• bakery products, cakes, sweets;
• salted and pickled vegetables, radish;
• mayonnaise, fatty sauces;
• chocolate, cocoa;
• sweet soda;
• alcohol and tobacco.

Products that lower blood pressure

For patients with hypertension, the greatest benefit will come from products that contain antioxidants and are able to break down fats, thin the blood and prevent the formation of blood clots.

Nutrient content of products	Sample list of products
Folic acid	Tomatoes, spinach, citrus fruits, peas, beans
Lactic acid	Sauerkraut, low-fat fermented milk products
Vitamin C	Rose hips, garlic, currants, lemon
Coarse fiber	Potatoes, cereals, vegetables, herbs, berries and fruits
Phosphorus, magnesium, potassium	Nuts, seafood, seeds

The list of products can be expanded by adhering to the basic principles of creating a menu for patients with hypertension.

Blood pressure changes during the day. Particularly sharp fluctuations are observed in patients with hypertension. In the morning it is low, then increases after eating and decreases again. In the evening, blood pressure is significantly higher than the morning level. And at night during sleep, in patients with arterial hypertension, it can drop significantly. These increases are more severe than in healthy people.

Normalizing blood pressure in hypertension can save a person's life and protect him from a heart attack or stroke.